The answer to that is so long, you could write a book about it!
A long time ago we had the Ice Hockey Superleague (ISL). This was a reasonably high standard of hockey, very few british players, high wage cap, Manchester Storm once sold out the MEN arena with over 17,000 spectators. This all collapsed as it was just too expensive and unsustainable, and several clubs went bust including Manchester Storm. It turns out of those 17,000 spectators that were at that game, not that many actually paid for tickets!!!
The league below this was the British National League. This had fewer imports and more emphasis on British players, although this still allowed 8 imports I think (this is a bit before my time!)
After the ISL collapsed, the remaining teams (Belfast, Nottingham & Sheffield) wanted to start a new league. They preferred having more imports, with less emphasis on British players, mainly to keep the skill level as high as possible. Those 3 teams have large arenas and their isn't enough appetite for watching lower quality all-British player games at the crowd levels that are required to cover the costs of the arenas (The obvious thing to do here is to develop better quality Brits, but that seems far too difficult for the governing body....!!)
So those 3 teams start the Elite League, along with Basingstoke, Cardiff, Coventry, London & Manchester. However there was a huge row when they tried this. The league did not get affiliation with Ice Hockey UK (IHUK, the governing body for hockey responsible for Team GB, but not the individual leagues), which meant they would've had difficulties getting work permits so they wouldn't be able to sign any players. Also, Nottingham's arena was unhappy at a non-affiliated team playing out of their arena. This eventually got sorted with IHUK.
However, the BNL teams were not happy with this. They had lost some of their teams to the Elite League and there were probably other reasons too. I am not 100% sure on the facts. However, the BNL clubs decided that they would start registering websites and company names with Elite League in them to try to disrupt the other league. In particular, the owners of Guidlford Flames & Fife Flyers started up the companies Elite League Limited and Elite Ice Hockey League Limited, just so the EIHL teams couldn't call their company that!
After 2 season of EIHL and BNL, I think the BNL collapsed, because Newcastle and Edinburgh left the league to join the EIHL. The other BNL teams dropped down to the English Premier League (EPL), apart from Dundee & Fife who dropped down to the Scottish National League (SNL). The EPL allows 4 import players (max. 3 on ice at one time), the EIHL currently allows 13 imports. The structure is something like:
IHUK - The national governing body for Ice Hockey. They are in control of the GB teams, and is the umbrella body for the sport in the UK. They deal with the work permits.
EIHL - The Elite League pretty much govern themselves, but they work closely with IHUK because pretty much all of the Senior Team GB players/staff come from the EIHL.
EIHA - English Ice Hockey Association. They are in charge of the leagues and junior development in England & Wales, this includes:
EPL - The decisions about the EPL are made by the teams and have to be voted through by some majority (not sure what it is)
National Ice Hockey League (NIHL), which is split into South 1, South 2, North Laidler & North Moralee conferences.
EIHA are also in charge of the England teams that play at Junior levels.
SIHA - Scottish Ice Hockey Association. The scottish version of EIHA. The top league is the SNL, which is similar to NIHL but probably slightly worse.
So, you can see that it is quite a disjointed system.
Even within the leagues themselves, trying to get cooperation is difficult. In the EPL, a company called Planet Ice own a few of the clubs and some of the other rinks. Another company called Red Hockey now owns 1 club (Telford) 49% of Bracknell & 33% of Manchester Phoenix. These two companies don't like each other. Since the decisions are made by vote, you can see that nothing will get done whilst there is a difference of opinions! After Red Hockey invested in Telford, they went from bottom to top signing several players from other clubs and bringing in veterans from the EIHL and 52 week contracts (most contracts last for the season only). There was talk that at one board meeting, Planet Ice initiated a vote to remove Telford from the league because they didn't like what they were doing!!! Obviously this failed.
The EIHL seems a little bit more joined up in it's thinking.
The problem is there is quite a large gap in terms of crowds and professionalism from the top to the bottom (even within each league). It's difficult to get a joined up system here, although things might be improving slowly.